Primordial Patterns of Security and Social Control System in Ilogbo Ekiti, Nigeria
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, May 2018
Pages:
88-96
Received:
10 December 2016
Accepted:
1 November 2017
Published:
10 July 2018
Abstract: No matter how small a community is, ancient or modern, there is bound to be a system of keeping the community secure from external aggression or internal crises. Since peace and advancement can only be guaranteed in a safe environment, this is why the need arises to keep the community secure. The study examines the primordial pattern of security maintenance and the social control system in Ilogbo-Ekiti, with a view to seeing how some of the old pattern of keeping the community save could be integrated into the modern pattern for more efficient and effective protection of human community. The paper hinged the study on social control and labelling theories while secondary data were collected through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Key Informant Interview (KII). The paper concludes that some of the primordial patterns of crime control can be highly effective in keeping the environment safe and secure if properly harnessed and re-engineered.
Abstract: No matter how small a community is, ancient or modern, there is bound to be a system of keeping the community secure from external aggression or internal crises. Since peace and advancement can only be guaranteed in a safe environment, this is why the need arises to keep the community secure. The study examines the primordial pattern of security ma...
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Investigation of Key Problems and Future Development of China's Endowment
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, May 2018
Pages:
97-102
Received:
27 May 2018
Accepted:
19 June 2018
Published:
11 July 2018
Abstract: The basic endowment insurance system for enterprise employees has already covered migrant workers in China. However, a number of migrant workers have withdrawn from insurance system in economically developed regions in recent years. And the number is on the rise. The root cause for it lies in the institutional barrier of trans-regional migration. Besides, it also closely linked to the internal contradictoriness in the endowment insurance system. This paper aims at discussing how to break the trans-regional migration obstacles of endowment insurance system and promote the current pooling account from provincial level to national level. Based on the analysis on China's basic endowment insurance system, four main problems has been found. They are county-based system and low level of pension pooling, trade-off in local governments caused by fiscal backstop, restrictions from the existing fiscal system, and implement of policies relies heavily on execution of basic-level governments. In order to solve these problems of existing endowment insurance system, establishing an integrated endowment insurance system which covers the whole Chinese citizens is further proposed. In addition, confronted with the current fact that we have a big gap of social security treatment between urban and rural areas, among different regions and among various groups, the feasible solution is to complete transformation from differential universal-type social welfare system to fair universal-type social welfare system. To promote the current pooling account from provincial level to national level, it needs to be carried forward systematically and stage by stage.
Abstract: The basic endowment insurance system for enterprise employees has already covered migrant workers in China. However, a number of migrant workers have withdrawn from insurance system in economically developed regions in recent years. And the number is on the rise. The root cause for it lies in the institutional barrier of trans-regional migration. B...
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