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Predictive Power of Goal-striving Reasons for Self-reported and Actual Plastic Consumption
Christian Ehrlich,
Samantha Miles
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 3, May 2021
Pages:
57-66
Received:
15 February 2021
Accepted:
29 April 2021
Published:
8 May 2021
Abstract: Background: Plastic waste is a major societal and environmental issue contributing to climate change as well as affecting the health of humans and animals across the globe. Tackling plastic pollution requires dramatic change from everyone because one of the key factors contributing to the amount of plastic waste is consumer behaviour. Objective: The aim of this research is to test the predictive power of the goal-striving reasons framework for plastic waste behaviour of UK households to analyse whether the reasons why people voluntarily engage in plastic reducing actions can predict plastic consumption of households. Method: The predictive power of the goal-striving reasons framework was tested by correlating the overall goal-striving reasons index and, each goal of the six goal-striving reasons individually, with i) a newly developed self-report measure of plastic consumption and; ii) with an objective measure of plastic waste. The objective measure required households to count their plastic waste for three consecutive weeks. The study is based on N = 66 households in Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. Results: Findings suggest that the approach goal-striving reasons of pleasure, altruism and positive consequences are related to self-reported plastic waste whereas the two avoidance reasons of not wanting to feel bad about oneself or to avoid any negative consequences are related to objective plastic waste. Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the relevance of the goal-striving reasons framework as an important concept for the prediction of plastic waste behaviour of individuals, and as a potential tool for facilitating change behaviour in household plastic waste consumption.
Abstract: Background: Plastic waste is a major societal and environmental issue contributing to climate change as well as affecting the health of humans and animals across the globe. Tackling plastic pollution requires dramatic change from everyone because one of the key factors contributing to the amount of plastic waste is consumer behaviour. Objective: Th...
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Efforts and Challenges in Protecting Prisoners’ Rights in Ilu Abba Bor and Buno Bedelle Zones
Asafa Tasgara,
Birhanu Tobe,
Gemechu Hassan
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 3, May 2021
Pages:
67-73
Received:
4 March 2021
Accepted:
11 May 2021
Published:
20 May 2021
Abstract: The paper strongly emphasizes on the prisoners’ rights in Oromia National Regional State particularly the prisoners’ rights of Bunno Bedele and I/A/Boor prison administration. Accordingly, the aim of this research is to is to test the extent to which rights of prisoners are enforced at the study area and then to suggest possible solutions for intervention or re-intervention (against any gap to be identified) to the stakeholders such as: The Prison Administration, Ethiopian Human Rights Commission and the Judiciary. Thus, in order to identify the problems concerning the protections of prisoners’ right in the two zones’ Prison Administration, deep interviews and personal observations were conducted with prisoners and with top officials of different prison institutions. In doing so, the paper identified the problems concerning the protection of prisoners’ rights to food and water, free medical services, the right to sanitations, the right to bedding and clothing, the right to contact with families. Further, the existing proclamation and regulation regarding to the treatments of prisoners could not properly protect the rights of prisoners because both the proclamation and regulation not clearly provide the rights of prisoners as provided in other International Human Rights that directly related with protection of prisoners. Based on the findings, the researchers proposed the amendments of the existing regulations for the protections of prisoners’ rights and the need of a country-wide minimum standards and rules that govern every prisons institution of the country.
Abstract: The paper strongly emphasizes on the prisoners’ rights in Oromia National Regional State particularly the prisoners’ rights of Bunno Bedele and I/A/Boor prison administration. Accordingly, the aim of this research is to is to test the extent to which rights of prisoners are enforced at the study area and then to suggest possible solutions for inter...
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Minimum Wage Research, a Methodological Path: A Social Institution and a Hidden Growth Factor
Maria Georgia Antonopoulou
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 3, May 2021
Pages:
74-79
Received:
18 May 2021
Accepted:
7 June 2021
Published:
16 June 2021
Abstract: The article aims to demonstrate the methodological constraints that arise from social science research into the minimum wage. We exam the functionality and the various theoretical approaches as to its usefulness and way of implementation especially in the European Union before and after the 2008 economic crisis. The working hypothesis is that minimum wage has been used for most countries up until now as a growth factor, operating as “treatment” to the distortions of the open market economy. We first feature a historical approach of the minimum wage policies, then we discuss the main methodological concerns around the subject focusing on the EU new economic policies in the aftermath of the 2008 crisis. In this context we also discuss the harmonized policies of a European minimum wage framework as well as the motion for a living wage. Then the article focuses to the policies driven during the pandemic. We found that during the COVID-19 crisis we had a paradigm shift in the European Union as well as in USA, from the strict neoclassical economic policies to more inclusive ones. Concluded that the minimum wage is a social policy institution, while at the same time being considered as part of the wage policy regulated by the free market. The minimum wage has a dual role, while it is part of economic policy, so it is generally determined by the free market and the social partners, at the same time it is called to cure distortions that the free market itself creates in the most vulnerable social strata.
Abstract: The article aims to demonstrate the methodological constraints that arise from social science research into the minimum wage. We exam the functionality and the various theoretical approaches as to its usefulness and way of implementation especially in the European Union before and after the 2008 economic crisis. The working hypothesis is that minim...
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